Causes of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Heavy menstrual bleeding can be as a result of three main causes
Hormones
Changes within the uterus (womb)
Blood disorders
Some causes of heavy menstrual bleeding can be identified through investigations. In other cases no definite explanation can be found and it is thought to be a disorder of blood clotting in the lining of the uterus (endometrium)
Hormone-related problems
Hormone imbalance, often associated with very irregular periods, can affect the lining of the uterus resulting in heavy bleeding.
Common conditions include
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Peri-menopause (the time just before menopause when periods stop all together)
An underactive thyroid
Uterine-related problems
The uterus can have abnormalities in the muscle of the uterus wall that prevents the uterus from squeezing and contracting well and hence allow blood vessels to continue to bleed.
Fibroids
Uterine polyps
Adenomyosis
Cancer or precancerous changes in the lining of the uterus
Disorders of the blood
Women with certain medical blood conditions, or medicines (“blood thinners”) that stop blood from clotting, can cause heavy menstrual bleeding.
Other causes include
Some liver and kidney conditions
Occasionally not regular using hormone contraception such as the Pill
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